Helena Grodecka-Możdżeniowa, was one of about 90,000 victims of the third great deportation, which began on 29 June 1940. Most of those deported were refugees from the German occupation, mostly Jews. Poles accounted for about 11 per cent.
On April 3,1940, the first “death transport” of Polish prisoners of war set off from the Kozelsk camp.
On 4 February 1940 (presumably!), Nikolai Yezhov, one of the cruellest perpetrators of Stalinist terror, was executed.
On May 12, 1935, Marshal Józef Piłsudski died. He was buried at Wawel, in the crypt under the Tower of Silver Bells.
He died on 7 July (25 June according to the Julian calendar) 1892 on the Siberian river Kolyma.
Prayer of the Bar Confederates before the Battle of Lanckorona, oil painting by Artur Grottger.
